北京第二外国语学院学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 71-82.DOI: 10.12002/j.bisu.302

• 语言学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

言说话语标记的主观性差异及等级

潘先军()   

  1. 北京外国语大学,北京 100024
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-27 出版日期:2020-10-30 发布日期:2020-10-30
  • 作者简介:潘先军,北京第二外国语学院教授,100024,研究方向:汉语本体研究、对外汉语教学研究。电子邮箱:panxianjun@bisu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    2017年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“面向国际汉语教学的汉语话语标记主观性等级研究”研究成果(17BYY118)

Subjectivity Differences in Discourse Markers Containing Speech and Subjectivity Gradations

Pan Xianjun()   

  1. Beijing International Studies University, Beijing 100024, China
  • Received:2017-09-27 Online:2020-10-30 Published:2020-10-30

摘要:

话语标记研究兴起于西方,传入我国后很快成为语言学研究的热点。“言说话语标记”指含有言说动词“说”的话语标记,“说”不仅表示“言说义”,还可以表示认知与评述。本文将言说话语标记作为一类,对这类话语标记的主观性及其序列等级进行研究。“说”的意义演变可以概括为:言说义—认知义—评述义。按照语义演变规律,言说话语标记的主观性与言说话语标记中“说”的语义密切相关,并表达不同的意义,其主观性具有差异性,形成了主观性等级序列,即传信<认知<评述,主观性逐级增强,交互主观性从言者积聚于听者,序列右端的主观性最强。

关键词: 言说; 话语标记; 主观性; 等级

Abstract:

Research on discourse markers originated in the West, and soon became a hot topic in linguistic research after it was introduced into China. Discourse markers containing speech verbs refer to discourse markers containing the verb “shuo”(说), which means more than just “speech”; it can also include cognition and comment. This paper places discourse markers containing speech verbs into one category, and examines their different degrees of subjectivity. The path of semantic change for “shuo” is speech-cognition-commentary. The subjectivity of discourse markers containing speech verbs is closely related to the senses of “shuo”; the subjectivity entailed in expressing different meanings is different, and forms a pattern in terms of degrees of subjectivity: evidentiality<cognition<commentary. From the left to the right, subjectivity becomes increasingly stronger, and the focus of inter-subjectivity moves from the speaker to the audience.

Keywords: speech; discourse markers; subjectivity; gradation

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