布洛卡氏失语症患者句子理解障碍的理论阐释

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.045

北京第二外国语学院学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 18-29.DOI: 10.12002/j.bisu.045

• 认知神经语言学（失语症研究） • 上一篇下一篇

布洛卡氏失语症患者句子理解障碍的理论阐释

崔　刚

崔刚，清华大学

收稿日期:2016-06-21 出版日期:2017-02-28 发布日期:2018-03-19
作者简介:崔刚，清华大学外文系教授、博士生导师，100084，研究方向：神经语言学、心理语言学和外语教学。电子邮箱：cuigang@tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
本文为国家社科基金一般项目“生成语法框架下汉语布洛卡氏失语症患者的句法障碍研究”（项目编号：14BYY065）研究成果。

The Theoretical Explanation of the Sentence Comprehension Disorders of Broca’s Aphasics

CUI Gang

Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2016-06-21 Online:2017-02-28 Published:2018-03-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 布洛卡氏失语症患者的句子理解障碍是20世纪70年代末以来神经语言学研究的一个热点问题，研究者提出了各种理论假设来解释患者理解障碍产生的原因，但是它们都存在着明显的局限性。以句法学为基础的理论可以准确地确定患者的障碍，但是只能解释一部分现象；虽然从语言处理角度所提出的各种理论解释力较强，但是比较笼统和模糊，我们无法据此对患者的句子理解障碍作出准确的判断。我们认为，目前各种理论之间并不存在根本性的冲突，它们都从不同的角度和层次对失语症患者的句子理解障碍进行了阐释。从根本上来讲，句子理解的障碍来源于患者认知资源的问题，句子理解过程的具体问题是由认知处理障碍的严重程度差异所造成的。因此，本文在全面梳理各种理论的基础上，从句子理解的过程及其所需认知资源的角度，尝试提出一个综合性的理论阐释框架，以期对布洛卡氏失语症患者的句子理解障碍作出更为全面、更加合理的理论解释。

关键词: 布洛卡氏失语症; 句子理解; 理论阐释

Abstract: Sentence comprehension disorders of Broca’s aphasics have been a major focus of neurolinguistic research since 1970s. Theoretical hypotheses have been brought up to explain the causes based on both syntactic theories and language processing models, but there still remain obvious limitations. Theories based on syntax help to accurately ascertain the types of disorders, yet only some of them can be accounted for. Theories in view of speech processing have better explanatory power, but they are relatively general and vague, so it is difficult to precisely describe patients’ impaired comprehension. The author believes that there exist no basic disagreements among the different theories, since they account for the sentence comprehension disorders of Broca’s aphasics at different levels from different perspectives. It is therefore possible to build a general theoretical framework, in which aphasics’ problem with cognitive resources is believed to be the underlying cause and the specific impairments in different stages of sentence comprehension as the results of different degrees of severity of cognitive processing. As a result, on the basis of a critical review about the previous theories, the present paper puts forward a tentative theoretical framework from the perspectives of both sentence comprehension process and its required cognitive resources, which may lead to a more comprehensive and reasonable explanation of the sentence comprehension disorders of Broca’s aphasics and also needs further empirical confirmation.

Keywords: Broca’s aphasia; sentence comprehension; theoretical explanation

中图分类号:

H043

崔　刚. 布洛卡氏失语症患者句子理解障碍的理论阐释[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2017, 39(1): 18-29.

CUI Gang. The Theoretical Explanation of the Sentence Comprehension Disorders of Broca’s Aphasics[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2017, 39(1): 18-29.

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布洛卡氏失语症患者句子理解障碍的理论阐释

The Theoretical Explanation of the Sentence Comprehension Disorders of Broca’s Aphasics

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