汤姆诙谐句的形义表征

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.336

北京第二外国语学院学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 49-59.DOI: 10.12002/j.bisu.336

汤姆诙谐句的形义表征

刘宇红()

南京师范大学外国语学院 210016

收稿日期:2018-01-19 出版日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:2021-08-24
作者简介:刘宇红,南京师范大学外国语学院教授,博士生导师,210016,研究方向：理论语言学。电子邮箱： liuyuhong@njnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金一般项目“语言学语域的释义元语言研究”(19BYY003)

Form-Meaning Representation in Tom Swifty Puns

Liu Yuhong()

Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210016, China

Received:2018-01-19 Online:2021-06-30 Published:2021-08-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

汤姆诙谐句是英语中一种类似于汉语歇后语的文字游戏,它利用副词与陈述句之间的双关关系产生一种幽默的效果。在对汤姆诙谐句进行解读的过程中,本文发现经过5个步骤的形义推导,基准词可以与两种语义连通,一种是其字面意义,另一种是其非字面意义,表征为“一形两义”结构（即双关）。形义关系的多维性增加了“一形两义”结构的能产性。通过对基准词进行谐形、谐音、谐义的单一或组合形式的操作,可以产生形义表征的单个或多个中介词。其中,多个中介词的线性组合和水平组合构成复杂的形义关系。

关键词: 汤姆诙谐句; 谐形; 谐音; 谐义; 双关; 形义表征

Abstract:

A “Tom Swifty” is a type of English word play that is closely related to the Chinese Xiehouyu, and its humor is achieved through a punning relationship between an adverb and the statement to which it refers. During the interpretation of Tom Swifty puns, this paper reveals that the base word is found to link two meanings, one of which is literal and the other non-literal, via the intermediate form-meaning inference of five steps. By creating a pun in the form of one form with two meanings, its plurality adds to its productivity. By means of homographic, homophonic, or homonymic processing, or the integrations thereof, Tom Swifty puns’ base words can give rise to one individual intermediate or a series of intermediates. The vertical or horizontal integrations of intermediates can constitute complicated form-meaning relations.

Keywords: Tom Swifty; homograph; homophone; homonym; pun; form-meaning representation

中图分类号:

刘宇红. 汤姆诙谐句的形义表征[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2021, 43(3): 49-59.

Liu Yuhong. Form-Meaning Representation in Tom Swifty Puns[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2021, 43(3): 49-59.

图/表 6

图1 形义关系基础表征的全过程（谐形类①） ①形义关系基础表征的具体分类详见下一小节中“中介词的类型”部分的介绍。

图2 形义关系基础表征的全过程（谐音类）

图3 形义关系基础表征的全过程（谐义类）

图4 谐形与谐音组合的形义表征

图5 谐形与谐义组合的形义表征

图6 谐义与谐音组合的形义表征

参考文献 12

[1]	Lessard G & Levison M. Computational modelling of linguistic humour：Tom Swifties[C]. ALLC/ACH Joint Annual Conference. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992:175-178.
[2]	Lessard G & Levison M. Linguistic and Cognitive Underpinnings of Verbal Humour[R]. Albuquerque:International Cognitive Linguistics Association Conference, 1995.
[3]	Lippman L G, Bennington K & Sucharski I L, Contextual connections to puns in Tom Swifties[J]. Journal of General Psychology, 2002, 129(2):202-208. PMID
[4]	Lippman L G & Tragesser S L. Constructing something funny:Levels of associative connection in Tom Swifties[J]. The Journal of General Psychology, 2005, 132(3):231-242.
[5]	Litovkina A T. “I see,”said Tom icily:Tom Swifties at the beginning of the 21st century[J]. European Journal of Humour Research, 2014, 2(2):54-67. DOI URL
[6]	Nordquist R. Tom Swifty(Word Play)[EB/OL].(2020-02-12)[2021-06-06]. https://www.thoughtco.com/tom-swifty-word-play-1692472.
[7]	刘乃实. 解读英语的汤姆诙谐句[J]. 外国语(上海外国语大学学报), 2009(2):34-39.
[8]	刘宇红. 语言学术语的理论类型研究[J]. 中国科技术语, 2021(1):17-22.
[9]	刘宇红, 殷铭. 术语表研制的四个步骤——以英语语言学为例[J]. 中国科技术语, 2021, 23(2):11-19.
[10]	杨先明. 英式歇后语Tom Swifties及其语义建构机制研究[J]. 外语与外语教学, 2008(2):13-15.
[11]	杨先明. Tom Swifties含义的语用推理机制研究[J]. 外语研究, 2009(3):25-28.
[12]	叶艳, 汪晓莉. 《红楼梦》“一喉二歌”语言现象英译研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2016, 38(1):46-58,133.

汤姆诙谐句的形义表征

Form-Meaning Representation in Tom Swifty Puns

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 12

相关文章 2

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	刘小红, 侯国金. 双关何以为构式：词汇—构式语用学视角[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2022, 44(6): 148-162.
[2]	叶艳　汪晓莉. 《红楼梦》“一喉二歌”语言现象英译研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2016, 38(1): 46-58.