英语听力教学中手势语有效性的实证研究

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.134

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

手势与言语密切相关,在二语习得领域逐渐受到关注,但对其有效性的实证研究相对匮乏。为考察手势语在听力理解中的作用,本研究从183名英语学习者中选取高、低分两组受试,在音频、音频+面部、音频+面部+手/臂三种实验条件下进行听力测试。结果显示,观看含有手/臂手势视频的受试成绩最高,低分组受试成绩提高更为显著,且手势对低分组受试理解具体概念和抽象隐喻的能力均有所促进。结合社会文化理论,本文认为,手势语能够提高英语学习者在交际中构建意义的能力,是听力理解的有效中介。本研究的结果为丰富教学中介工具、构建多模态外语课堂提供了参考。

关键词: 听力理解; 手势语; 中介; 听力教学

Abstract:

Gestures are gaining attention in second language acquisition for their close connection with speech, despite the fact that empirical research on gestures’ validity is in deficiency. Researchers have been especially interested in the input effect of gestures, i.e. whether gestures play a positive role in L2 learners’ comprehension. To study gestures’ validity in listening comprehension, this research selected subjects from 183 L2 learners and divided them into high and low score groups, testing their listening skills under three conditions, audio, audio & face, and audio, face & hand/arm gestures. Subjects achieved highest score after watching videos containing hand/arm gestures, and subjects in low score group behaved significantly better. And gestures helped subjects in low score group understand both concrete things and abstract metaphors. From the perspective of the Sociocultural Theory, this research verifies that gestures enhance language learners’ competence in constructing meaning during communication, and gestures are valid mediation in students’ listening comprehension. Gestures help listeners to accurately segment speech flows and draw visual attention to important information. Gestures also represent, explain and complement the meaning of speech, making the intended meaning more concrete and imaginable, and subjects can understand the meaning of unfamiliar words by watching gestures. Besides, the appearance of gestures enables subjects to code information in both phonological and visual channels, and avoid cognitive overload in working memory. Our research results also indicate that gestures have significant mediation effect. Gestures are useful communicative tools, and L2 learners often rely too much on speech information while ignore the effect of gestures. Gestures also positively mediate in comprehension of metaphoric expressions, providing listeners with dynamic and motoric comprehension process. L2 teachers and learners should pay more attention to the use of gestures, so that L2 learners can more efficiently participate in social activities.The research results offer a method of enriching teaching mediation tools and constructing multimodal L2 classrooms.

Keywords: listening comprehension; gesture; mediation; listening teaching

钟晓云,高原. 英语听力教学中手势语有效性的实证研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2018, 40(4): 115-130.

Xiaoyun ZHONG,Yuan GAO. An Empirical Study on the Effectiveness of Gesture in L2 Listening Class[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2018, 40(4): 115-130.

图/表 8

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结果条件	平均分	标准差
音频	7.48	3.87
音频+面部	7.14	3.72
音频+面部+手/臂	9.29	3.63

结果条件	平均分	标准差
音频	7.48	3.87
音频+面部	7.14	3.72
音频+面部+手/臂	9.29	3.63

组别结果条件	低分组		高分组
组别结果条件	平均分	标准差	平均分	标准差
音频	4.29	1.14	10.92	2.50
音频+面部	4.43	2.06	9.86	2.93
音频+面部+手/臂	7.14	2.77	11.43	3.13

组别结果条件	低分组		高分组
组别结果条件	平均分	标准差	平均分	标准差
音频	4.29	1.14	10.92	2.50
音频+面部	4.43	2.06	9.86	2.93
音频+面部+手/臂	7.14	2.77	11.43	3.13

条件条件	条件	平均差
音频条件	面部条件	—0.15
音频条件	面部+手/臂条件	—2.86
面部条件	面部+手/臂条件	—2.71