老年人语篇阅读推理认知老化研究：回顾与展望

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.341

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,随着全球人口老龄化问题日趋严重,语言认知老化研究已经成为研究者关注的热点。对老年人语言老化机制和神经基础的研究既可以揭示人类的语言发展过程和认知功能变化,还能够为语言认知功能老化的干预训练提供重要的支持。阅读理解是一个需要高级认知能力参与的复杂过程,推理产出对语篇意义理解起着至关重要的作用,为了建构连贯的语篇表征,读者需要进行推理加工。本文首先阐述了认知老化领域相关的理论模型和假说,回顾了老年人语篇阅读推理认知老化方面代表性的实证研究,并在此基础上分析了目前研究中存在的问题和争议,对未来的研究方向进行了展望,以期为研究者进行更为深入的相关研究提供借鉴,从而进一步丰富这一领域的研究内容。

关键词: 语篇阅读; 推理; 认知老化; 老年人; 老龄化

Abstract:

Cognitive aging has become a hot topic among language processing researchers because the aging of the world’s population has become an increasingly serious issue in recent years. Research on the cognitive mechanisms and neural basis of aging in language can not only reveal the processes of language development and cognitive functions in human beings, but can also contribute considerably to the cognitive intervention for age-related decline in language ability. Reading comprehension is a complex process that involves high cognitive ability, and is essential for successful functioning in society. As readers often need to draw inferences to construct coherent mental representations of a text, the generation of inferences is crucial for the successful comprehension of texts for both young and older people. This paper elaborates on the theoretical models and hypotheses of cognitive aging, and reviews the representative empirical studies of the effect of cognitive aging on inferential processing during discourse reading. Furthermore, this paper discusses the unresolved problems and controversies in this field, and presents some suggestions for future directions. It is hoped that this review will offer valuable suggestions for future in-depth research for researchers, and will enrich the research on senior people’s inference processing during text comprehension.

Keywords: text comprehension; inference; cognitive aging; senior people; aging

中图分类号:

B844.4

范琳, 孙莉, 王震. 老年人语篇阅读推理认知老化研究：回顾与展望[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2021, 43(3): 116-133.

Fan Lin, Sun Li, Wang Zhen. Review and Prospect of the Studies of Cognitive Aging on Senior Peoples’ Inferential Processing When Reading Texts[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2021, 43(3): 116-133.

图/表 3

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