制图理论框架下汉语正反问句的句法图谱研究

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.374

北京第二外国语学院学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 63-80.DOI: 10.12002/j.bisu.374

• 语言学研究(制图理论专栏主持人:司富珍) • 上一篇下一篇

制图理论框架下汉语正反问句的句法图谱研究

陆志军()

广东工业大学外国语学院,广州 510006

收稿日期:2020-02-21 出版日期:2022-02-28 发布日期:2022-03-24
作者简介:陆志军,广东工业大学外国语学院,510006,研究方向：形式句法学、现代汉语语法。电子邮箱： luzhijun@gdut.edu.cn
基金资助:
广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划项目“制图理论框架下汉语特色句式的句法图谱研究”(GD17XWW15)

A Syntactic Map Study of Chinese A-not-A Questions from the Perspective of Cartographic Approach

Lu Zhijun()

Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2020-02-21 Online:2022-02-28 Published:2022-03-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文从最简方案的精简句法结构（vP>TP>CP）出发,依据制图理论的纷繁结构图谱,将汉语正反问句绘制为低位、中位和高位3个类别,共计10种具体问句形式。层级结构绘制的依据是A-not-A成分在各句法域内的不同语义诠释：词汇层vP域内的低位正反问句表现出基于情状的施事特性;屈折层TP域内的中位正反问句表现出基于命题的事件特性;标句层CP域的高位正反问句表现出基于认知的言者意识。每类正反问句具有不同的显性句法生成机制以及相同的隐性特征核查机制。

关键词: 最简方案; 制图理论; 正反问句; 句法图谱

Abstract:

The thesis begins by describing the Minimalist Program’s simple syntactic structure (vP>TP>CP), and then adopts the Cartographic Approach’s complex structural map to divide Chinese A-not-A questions into three types, namely lower, middle, and higher A-not-A questions, with 10 tokens of question forms. The hierarchical structures are represented according to the different semantic illustrations of the syntactic domains in which A-not-A elements are formed: Lower A-not-A questions in the lexical vP domain exhibit the situation-based agentivity property, middle A-not-A questions in the inflectional TP domain exhibit the proposition-based eventuality property, and A-not-A questions in the complementizer CP domain exhibit cognition-based speaker consciousness. Each type of A-not-A question has a different overtly syntactic derivational mechanism but the same covertly feature-checking mechanism.

Keywords: Minimalist Program; Cartographic Approach; A-not-A questions; syntactic maps

中图分类号:

H043

陆志军. 制图理论框架下汉语正反问句的句法图谱研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2022, 44(1): 63-80.

Lu Zhijun. A Syntactic Map Study of Chinese A-not-A Questions from the Perspective of Cartographic Approach[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2022, 44(1): 63-80.

图/表 1

参考文献 35

[1]	Chomsky N. The Minimalist Program[M]. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1995.
[2]	Chomsky N. Beyond explanatory adequacy[C]//Belletti A. Structures and Beyond：The Cartography of Syntactic Structures. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004:104-131.
[3]	Chomsky N. On phases[C]//Freidin R,Otero C P & Zubizarreta M L. Foundational Issues in Linguistic Theory：Essays in Honor of Jean-Roger Vergnaud. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2008:133-166.
[4]	Cinque G. Adverbs and Functional Heads[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
[5]	Cinque G, & Rizzi L. The cartography of syntactic structures[C]// Moscati V. STiL — Studies in Linguistics:CISCL Working Papers on Language and Cognition. Vol. 2. Siena:Università degli Studi di Siena, 2008:43-59.
[6]	Ernst T. Conditions on Chinese A-not-A questions[J]. Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 1994, 3(3):241-264. DOI URL
[7]	Gasde H D. Yes/no questions and A-not-A questions in Chinese revisited[J]. Linguistics, 2004, 42(2):293-326.
[8]	Hagstrom P. A-not-A questions[C]//Everaert M & van Riemsdijk H. The Blackwell Companion to Syntax. Malden: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2006:173-213.
[9]	Huang C T J. Modularity and Chinese A-not-A questions[C]// Georgopoulos C & Ishihara R. Interdisciplinary Approaches to Language. Dordrecht:Springer, 1991:305-332.
[10]	Huang C T J, Li Y H A, & Li Yafei. The Syntax of Chinese[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
[11]	Huang C T J, & Ochi M. Syntax of the hell:Two types of dependencies[C]// Moulton K & Wolf M. Proceedings of North Eastern Linguistic Society. Vol. 34. Amherst:Graduate Linguistics Student Association,University of Massachusetts, 2004:279-294.
[12]	Huang R H R. Left periphery and Chinese yes-no questions[J]. International Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 2014, 1(2):192-213. DOI URL
[13]	Ko H. Syntax of Why-in-Situ:Merge into[Spec,CP]in the overt syntax[J]. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 2005, 23(4):867-916.
[14]	Law P. Adverbs in A-not-A questions in Mandarin Chinese[J]. Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 2006, 15(2):97-136. DOI URL
[15]	Li C N, & Thompson S A. The pragmatics of two types of yes-no question in Mandarin and its universal implications[C]// Clyne P R,Hanks W F & Hofbauer C L. Papers from the Fifteenth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago:Chicago Linguistic Society, 1979:197-206.
[16]	Lin T H J. Light Verb Syntax and the Theory of Phrase Structure[D]. Irvine:University of California, 2001.
[17]	Rizzi L. The fine structure of the left periphery[C]// Haegeman L. Elements of Grammar:Handbook in Generative Syntax. Dordrecht:Springer, 1997:281-337.
[18]	Schaffar W, & Chen L S. Yes-no questions in Mandarin and the theory of focus[J]. Linguistics, 2001, 39(5):837-870.
[19]	Tang T C. Syntactic and pragmatic constraints on the V-not-V questions in Mandarin[M]// Tang T C. Studies on Chinese Morphology and Syntax. Taipei:Student Book Co., 1986:597-612.
[20]	Tsai W T D, & Yang C Y H. Inner vs. Outer A-not-A Questions[R]. Beijing:The First International Workshop on Syntactic Cartography, 2015.
[21]	Zhang N N. Syntactic Dependencies in Mandarin Chinese[D]. Toronto:University of Toronto(Canada), 1997.
[22]	蔡维天. 谈汉语模态词的分布与诠释之对应关系[J]. 中国语文, 2010(3):208-221,287.
[23]	蔡维天. 左缘结构的语法限制和汉语的内、外正反问句[R]. 北京:清华大学“汉语句法:形式分析与方法”系列讲座, 2016.
[24]	陆志军. 汉语“是不是VP”问句的句法研究[J]. 中国语文法研究(日本), 2015, 4:108-120.
[25]	陆志军. 最简方案与制图理论:互补兼容的句法研究视角[J]. 外语研究, 2017, 34(2):41-46.
[26]	陆志军, 温宾利. 句法制图理论框架下汉语非完整体句式中非完句效应的消解机制以及时间锚定法则[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2018, 40(2):45-61.
[27]	陆志军, 曾丹. 汉语正反问句的生成句法研究[J]. 外国语文, 2014, 30(5):108-114.
[28]	邵敬敏, 周娟. 汉语方言正反问的类型学比较[J]. 暨南学报(哲学社会科学版), 2007, 29(2):108-117.
[29]	邵敬敏, 朱彦. “是不是VP”问句的肯定性倾向及其类型学意义[J]. 世界汉语教学, 2002(3):23-36.
[30]	石毓智. 汉语的领有动词与完成体的表达[J]. 语言研究, 2004, 24(2):34-42.
[31]	司富珍. 轻动词结构的层级制图[J]. 语文研究, 2018(1):11-17.
[32]	陶炼. “是不是”问句说略[J]. 中国语文, 1998(2):105-107.
[33]	王娟. 疑问语气范畴与汉语疑问句的生成机制[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2011.
[34]	王士元, 袁毓林. 现代汉语中的两个体标记[J]. 国外语言学, 1990(1):25-33.
[35]	朱德熙. 汉语方言里的两种反复问句[J]. 中国语文, 1985(1):10-20.

制图理论框架下汉语正反问句的句法图谱研究

A Syntactic Map Study of Chinese A-not-A Questions from the Perspective of Cartographic Approach

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 1

参考文献 35

相关文章 5

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

问句	句法域	A-not-A	A成分
高位正反问句	CP域	TP是不是	是
		是不是VP	是
		是不是TP	是
		M_知识-not-M_知识	要、会、能、肯、应该、必须、可能
中位正反问句	TP域	Asp-not-Asp	有、在
中位正反问句	TP域	M_义务-not-M_义务	要、会、能、应该、必须
低位正反问句	vP域	v-not-v	介词
		M_能愿-not-M_能愿	要、会、能、敢、肯
		Adj-not-Adj	形容词
		V-not-V	实义动词、是、要、会、有

[1]	王海燕, 于翠红, 柳鑫淼. 汉语布洛卡氏失语症功能语类障碍的制图分析：一项个案追踪研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2023, 45(5): 50-66.
[2]	马道山. 乔姆斯基疑问词移位理论发展脉络[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2019, 41(1): 37-55.
[3]	张连文. 最简框架下循环拼读机制与优选制约计算分析[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2018, 40(5): 16-36.
[4]	陆志军, 温宾利. 句法制图理论框架下汉语非完整体句式中非完句效应的消解机制以及时间锚定法则[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2018, 40(2): 45-61.
[5]	马志刚. 最简方案下基于最大投射移位的英语被动句研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2015, 37(8): 7-.