Abstract:

In the 1950s, behavioral psychology found itself in a predicament. However, translation subjectivity has remained a hot topic ever since the 1980s, which has resulted in the profound exploration into the translator action or behavior. As it is, this paper tends to use translation action rather than translation behavior due to the fact that translation behavior has turned out to be a specific term used in the western psychological research context. Actually, translator action has distinctive characteristics of the times and contains a number of innate contradictions, of which the autonomy of translator action and its normalization become interrelated and unsolvable because of some intrinsic and extrinsic factors of subjectivity. Based on the theory of translation norms, this paper argues that translators may act intentionally or unintentionally, reasonably or unreasonably in a particular social context, and in the meantime they have the innate tendency to pursuit their own autonomy. However, it has long been held that translator action is governed by the external situation, which overlooks the fact that translators consciously as well as subconsciously intend to free themselves from those constraints. Therefore, with respect to the translator’s subjectivity, translators should keep in mind the systematic translation norms, which helps modulate effectively the degree of autonomy they may have in the process of translation.

Keywords: pragmatic translation; translator behavior; autonomy; normalization

摘要：

行为主义心理学研究在20世纪50年代陷入困境。但是,20世纪80年代以降,翻译主体性成为翻译研究持续不断的话题之一,从而衍生出对译者行为系统深入的探索。译者行为具有鲜明的时代特征,同时也包含诸多固有的矛盾体。其中,译者行为的自主性和规范化,基于主体内在与外在的因素,构成一对既难以消解又互有关联的问题。本文试图基于翻译规范理论探讨应用翻译译者的自主性。笔者认为,译者也是社会中的一份子,有其自身的实践逻辑和理性或非理性诉求,有其意识的或无意识的行为方式。长期以来,人们对于译者行为的认识都是建立在虚构的假设之上,即认为译者受到客观条件制约,忽视了译者有意无意地希望突破这些拘束而立意实现自主的行为目标。有鉴于此,本文在突显行为主体意识的基础上进一步认为,系统的翻译规范内化于译者,能够有效地调节译者行为的自主性。

关键词: 应用翻译, 译者行为, 自主性, 规范化