Abstract: To construct a Europe which surpasses the notion of “national being” is the implicit theme in all of Curtius’ works. He insists to deal with the literary culture on the supranational plan. However, this theme is under strong criticism from Jauss and other German intellectuals who are influenced by Nazi’s ideology. In spite of this situation, he attempts to go beyond the national stereotypes so as to find out the concept of European identity. He explores a European view of national differences. On the basis of solid historical documents, the paper analyzes the conscience of Europe of Curtius and his detractors especially Jauss and Flasche, showing that the former’s latin Europe, united by a supranational culture and established via texts and philological practice, poses a challenge to Nazi’s ideology. Moreover, it indicates how ridiculous it is to abuse Curtius of cooperating with Nazism and being lack of historical conscience. In fact, what he rejects puts Nazi’s identical discourse into question. Curtius’ European vision is developed with a Europe in ruins. It presents an actual interest and encourages to rebuild the republic of literature on a ground which is much larger than that of a centripetal eurocentrism. It warns us against the cultural nationalism which sanctions and legitimates the political nationalism.

Keywords: Ernst Robert Curtius; the conscience of Europe; Hans Robert Jauss

摘要： 构建超越“民族存在”思维的欧洲，乃是库尔提乌斯孜孜以求的宗旨。他始终坚持从超民族层面看待文学文化。然而，他的这一思想遭到受纳粹意识形态影响的尧斯等人的激烈抨击。面对多方指责，库氏一边处之泰然，一边尝试走出民族窠臼，在这之上寻求欧洲同一性概念。他为民族差异提供了一个欧洲视角。本文以详实的史料，分析了库氏及其诋毁者的欧洲意识。作者认为，库氏的拉丁欧洲，并不认可以民间传说之优先性为基础的理论；他的拉丁欧洲是凭着超民族文化而统一起来，因此是对纳粹意识形态的思想挑战。

关键词: 库尔提乌斯, 欧洲意识, 尧斯