In the process of Chinese revolution, translation has always been playing a very important role which varies in different periods,（1）as a means of cultural enlightenment, which manifests chiefly in the period of the democratic revolution;（2）as an instrument of ideology, which finds main embodiment in the period from the beginning of socialist revolution to the end of the Cultural Revolution; （3）as a window through which to access to the outside world, which chiefly manifests in the period of the reform and opening up till the beginning of the present century; （4）as a way of remapping global culture and world literature, which finds particular embodiment since the beginning of the new century when the reform has come to a deep-going stage. In short, translation has enabled China to be closer to the world: on the one hand, it has brought to China the most advanced science and technology as well as intellectual thoughts thus speeding up China’s modernization; on the other hand, it also enables China to introduce its culture and literature to the world thus contributing a lot to global culture and world literature. In view of all the above, we do think that translation is both inevitable and important in China.

Globalization has enhanced the flow of both trade and foreign direct investment between countries, which has also increased the demand for information exchange between different language groups and encouraged the development of translation and interpretation services. In recent years, this quick growth of translation and interpretation services all over the world has expanded demand for translators and interpreters, and has accelerated its industrial agglomeration. The prosperity of translation and interpretation services market and industry in China attracts the attention of domestic scholars. Translation and interpretation services industry does not have an authorized definition though the concept of which has been widely used in academia. As an emerging industry, discussions on this area have covered defining concepts, language consumption and supply, language values, industrial competitiveness, industrial structure, etc. Therefore, this paper reviewed domestic related studies systematically by searching title, abstract and keywords in domestic academic database. According to the research foci and the major findings, a review of the studies indicates several weaknesses of the current studies, namely, lack of authorized definition, quantitative analysis and monotonous research perspective. This paper comments on achievements and problems of the studies with an aim to contribute to the future study in this domain.

Language issues are related to people’s livelihood and national security. In a multilingual society, the emergency service is one of the key indicators of a nation’s language capacity. This paper, taking the National Language Service Corps and the emergency medical language service in the United States as examples, discusses their missions, motivations, operating patterns, existing problems and challenges of the emergency language service system in the United States. Based on the status-quo of the field, this paper indicates that the U.S. emergency language services have some advantages on one hand and there also exist some draw backs on the other. Meanwhile, this paper puts forward the necessity and feasibility of constructing the national emergency language service in a Chinese context and hopes to provide some implications on the construction of national language service system to better improve the national language capacity.

The promotion of information technology in translation industry facilitates the development of translation technologies, such as Translation Memory Tools and Computer Aided Translation, Machine Translation, Terminology Management System, Localization Tools, Word Processing Software, Quality Assurance Tools, Desktop Publishing, Speech-to-Text Recognition Software, Authoring System, Project Management Software and Content Management System. The application of information technology in translation industry has improved translation industry productivity, and brought about profound influences on translation practice, translation education and translation studies. From the perspective of translation industry, the article studies ten impacts of information technologies on translation work in the light of translation production, translation teaching and learning as well as scientific research related to translation, namely, translation target, roles related to translation, translation competence, translation strategies, translation mode, translation process, translation standards, translation environment, translation education and translation studies. In terms of translation industry and translation profession, information technology has changed the ecosystem of translation industry and professional competence for translation. Therefore, translation industry calls for practitioners to analyze the practice of information technology in translation industry in order to upgrade and transform traditional translation work, and to better understand the value of translation technology, enhance translation service ability, and promote the development of translation industry.

Currently, the “One Belt One Road” initiative and the policy of all-round revitalization of Liaoning old industrial base have been practically implemented. Considering the given context, there is an increasing demand of high-level scientific translation talents. However, as an essential supplier in the supply front, the university can hardly fulfill its responsibility, and is in urgent need to reform. With the continually fast development and the constantly growing standardization of language service industry, the specific industry plays a central role to communicate among government, enterprises, research institutes, and universities. The very industry is also key to bring the collaborative cultivation mechanism into full play. As suppliers of language service, universities and scientific institutes should further enhance continuous collaboration from various perspectives. Based on analysis of current status of the industry and the practical consumer needs in Liaoning province nowadays, the study is designed to explore a feasible and applicable MTI teaching mode, from aspects of innovating curriculum provision, improving teaching methods and enhancing evaluation system, respectively.

In the present study, a questionnaire investigation was carried out into the language attitudes toward different national varieties of English (including “China English”) on the part of international students from a number of countries who are now studying and living in China under ELF (English as a Lingua Franca) settings. The result of the study indicates that their language attitudes remain conservative as a whole, for example, most of them are not familiar with the concepts of “World Englishes”, “ELF(English as a Lingua Franca)”or “China English”; British English and American English are still held by an overwhelming majority of them as perfect Standard English; and most of them hold a rather low opinion of non-native varieties of English. However, there also seems to be an open and pluralistic aspect of their language attitudes, for example, more than half of the subjects believe that the ownership of the English Language belongs to both native and non-native speakers of the language all over the world, and over half of them have a consensus on the existence of China English as a new national variety of English. At last, the study reveals that the different accents of the speakers of the English language from various countries constitute the biggest obstacle to their mutual communication under ELF settings, whereas, the differences in their native cultures are not so much of a significant barrier. This reflects a certain degree of the consciousness of multiculturalism on the part of the communicators.

The western “satire” as a literary genre enjoys a long history and is said to have originated from the “Roman Satire”, which Quintilian claimed as the Roman’s own invention rather than an inheritance from the Greeks. Who is the first writer of this genre remains in question but Juvenal is regarded as the last poet without question. This article is aimed to examine a significant image, the image of temple, which frequently appears in Juvenal’s satires. This examination will be conducted in light of the knowledge of the Roman archeology, and three particular dimensions of the “temple”, the temple being ancient, high, and rich, are selected as the archeological lenses, through which we try to get an in-depth and all-round understanding of the Roman temples. Literary works are closely related to the time when and the place where they were composed. Without a historical knowledge of them, it’s difficult to obtain a genuine and down-to-earth understanding of the works, let alone further interpretations for the later readers, and this is especially true for the works passing down from the ancient times. The archeological perspective employed in this article can constitute a useful method in this respect in the literary studies.

Anti-modernity narration is a kind of thinking and strategy presentation to deal with the problem of modernity. Contemporary African-American writer Tony Morrison juxtaposes the problems of racial discrimination and modernity faced by black people in his recent novel Home, and provides some solutions to the dual dilemmas. The article tries to present the novel’s anti-modern narration from three aspects: time, mode of production, and cultural tradition. That is, with the protagonist’s spatial displacement from north to south, the novel highlights the latter’s rejection of efficiency and the essence of time. Rural residents in south consciously reject the invasion of industrialization and reduce the dependence on commodities. Local people show strong recognition and respect for black cultural traditions and practice this philosophy in their daily life. The anti-modernity narration shows the writer’s cultural position and is of great significance for activating the vitality of traditional culture and inspiring the issues of contemporary society.

This paper reports on a qualitative inquiry into the impact of overseas in-service training on three young College English teachers’ academic identity based on Tajfel’ s theory of Social Identity. Drawing on rich data collected from one-on-one in-depth interview and journals, the study finds: 1. all three young teachers have undergone very positive yet varying changes in their academic identity, specifically, in the aspects of self-cognition, emotional belonging and behavioral commitment; 2. greatest changes have occurred to emotional belonging, indicating that those young English teachers have accepted academic activities as an integral part of their lives and also built up some confidence in doing academic research; the impact on self-cognition is secondary, indicating that they have acquired knowledge, know-how and criteria of carrying out academic research; and minor changes happen to their behavioral commitment in terms of participation in academic activities and academic planning. These positive changes in their academic identity can be attributed to, among others, scientific and systematic training program, rigorous evaluation, adequate support in time and finance, and strong academic atmosphere of learning community. Besides, in order to enhance academic identity of young English teachers, it is proposed that some measures should be implemented in teacher development programs, including raising selection criteria in in-service teacher training programs, implementing process control mechanism in the whole training procedure, and encouraging interaction between teacher trainers and trainees.

Second Language Learning, co-authored by Wang Ruiming, Yang Jing, and Li Li, is recently published with the most complete and systematic introduction of second language learning studies from a psychological perspective both in and out of China. This book covers 8 key topics of second language learning, namely, the critical period of second language learning, brain mechanisms of second language learning, bilingual memory representations in second language learning, the lexical and structural processing in second language learning, language switching in second language learning, the influence of second language learning on cognitive development, individual differences and teaching strategies in second language learning, and second language learning of Chinese. The present paper introduces the contents of this book and comments on its major features as reflected in the well-designed organization, the content abundance and depth, the thoughtful way of presentation, as well as its originality in discussing and exploring some key topics in the field of second language learning.