Abstract: “Literariness”, “poetic function” and “dominant” are three related and inseperable core categories in Roman Jakobson’s structural linguistic poetics, but “Dominant” is the first door to “Literariness” and “poetic function”. In two articles, “Dominant” and “Linguistics and Poetics”, he not only gives a clear definition of the “dominant”, and explains the structural features of the poetic work, also analyzes the inner rule of the evolution of literature (poetry) and art detailedly, reveals the moving characteristics of "literariness", and further proposes that the poetic function is verbal art’s dominant function, which determine the concrete manifestation of “literariness”. “Dominant” determines the characteristics of literature genre and structure of the work. The continuous transformation between the dominant function and the subordinate function causes the regular and constant evolution of literary system, and the formation of literariness. The “poetic function”, which takes up the dominant and determinate function in verbal art, acts as a subsidiary, accessory constituent in non-verbal art. "Dominant" poetics not only realize the “the historicization of the form” and “the formalization of history”, also realize the correction of the early Russian formalist poetics’ mechanization ills by structural linguistic poetics and the development of the Prague School’s poetics. In the context of contemporary culture, we need to understand and absorb the inherent spirit of “Dominant” poetics, bring the interpretation effect and theoretical value into full play in the changeable context of national reality, historical culture and literary conception, and explore the uncertain “literariness” sequentially between the interaction of “form” and “history”.

Keywords: Roman Jakobson; linguistic poetics; dominant; poetic function; literariness

摘要： 在罗曼•雅各布森构筑的语言诗学体系中，“主导”是通往“文学性”、“诗性功能”的第一扇门。在《主导》和《语言学和诗学》两篇文章中，雅各布森不仅明确界定了“主导”概念，借此解释了诗歌作品的结构特征，还非常细致全面地解析了文学（诗歌）演变乃至艺术演变的内在规律，揭示出“文学性”的流动特性，并进一步从功能角度提出以“诗性功能占主导”来确定“文学性”的具体表现。“主导”诗学不仅实现了“形式的历史化”和“历史的形式化”，更实现了结构主义语言诗学对早期俄国形式主义诗学中机械化弊病的修正以及对布拉格学派诗学理论的发展。在当代文化语境中，我们需要领会和吸收“主导”诗学的内在精神，在变动不居的本民族现实语境、历史文化和文学观念中，在“形式”与“历史”的互动之间，发挥其阐释效力和理论价值，并继续探求流动的“文学性”问题。

关键词: 罗曼•雅各布森, 语言诗学, 主导, 诗性功能, 文学性