Journal of Beijing International Studies University ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 35-66.DOI: 10.12002/j.bisu.606

• Linguistic Studies • Previous Articles     Next Articles

A Typological Approach to Argument Alignment Patterns and Splits

Yu Xiujin(), Zhao Xue()   

  1. Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China
  • Online:2025-12-12 Published:2025-10-30

论元配置模式及其分裂的类型学研究

于秀金(), 赵雪()   

  1. 山东财经大学外国语学院, 济南 250014
  • 作者简介:于秀金,山东财经大学外国语学院教授,250014,研究方向:语言类型学。电子邮箱:yuxiujin888@163.com;
    赵雪,山东财经大学外国语学院,250014,研究方向:语言类型学。电子邮箱:1219140643@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重点项目“多语种样本论元结构变异机制的类型与共性研究”(25AYY003)

Abstract:

Based on three morphological types of languages, this paper selected 45 language samples to explore the argument alignment patterns of world languages, particularly their splits and factors. The results were as follows: (1) languages that lack inflectional morphemes usually use particles and syntactic means to exhibit their argument alignment patterns, which are not neutral; (2) the proportions of ergative languages are different in languages with different morphological types, and agglutinative languages account for the largest proportion; (3) nominative-accusative languages and ergative-absolutive languages both have nominative-accusative pattern and ergative-absolutive patterns; (4) the implicational universal of case markers satisfies the hierarchy: nominal case markers > pronoun case markers; that is, noun phrase case markers entail pronoun case markers; and (5) the ergative-absolutive alignment patterns tend to use the markers in the hierarchy from left to right: nominal case markers > pronoun case markers > cross-referencing.

Keywords: language samples; argument alignment pattern; splits; implicational universal

摘要:

基于孤立语、黏着语和屈折语3种语言形态类型,本文选取了45种语言样本来探讨世界语言的论元配置模式及其分裂情况,并分析影响其分裂的因素。研究发现:①缺乏形态语素的语言通常依赖助词和句法手段来呈现其论元配置模式,且该配置模式并非中性;②在不同形态类型的语言中,施通格语言占比不同,黏着语的施通格语言占比最大;③主宾格为主语言和施通格为主语言都兼具主宾格模式和施通格模式;④格标记手段的蕴含共性满足如下等级:名词短语格标记>代词格标记,即名词短语格标记蕴含代词格标记;⑤施通格模式倾向使用的标记依次为:名词短语格标记>代词格标记>一致关系。

关键词: 语言样本, 论元配置模式, 分裂, 蕴含共性

CLC Number: