读后续写任务中输入加工注意分配对产出结果的影响研究

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.520

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为进一步探究读后续写任务中二语写作者对输入的加工及其对后续产出的作用，本文聚焦输入加工过程，以“注意”为窗口，分析学习者在读后续写任务中输入加工注意分配对产出结果的影响。本文采用有声思维、笔记和即时回顾性访谈相结合的研究方法，记录输入加工，从意义、形式和结构3个方面对注意进行编码，并将注意占比与对应分项评价指标（内容、语言使用、语篇结构）进行相关性分析。研究发现：在读后续写输入加工中，学习者对意义的注意占比最高，其次是对结构和形式的注意;对形式的注意能够直接影响语言产出表现，即对形式的注意与词汇复杂度呈负相关，与准确度呈正相关。输入加工中对形式的注意与产出结果有直接关联，因此，在教学实践中应更多地关注学习者注意的质量，促发深层次加工，实现有效的语言吸收和内化。

关键词: 读后续写; 输入加工; 注意分配; 写作产出; 二语习得; 外语教学

Abstract:

In order to better understand the role of input in written products, the focus in this study was on input processing from the perspective of noticing to explore the influence of Chinese English learners’allocation of noticing on writing outcomes in the continuation task. Input processing was recorded via the research methods of thinking aloud, notes, and immediate retrospective interviews, and was coded based on the three aspects of meaning, form, and organization. A correlation analysis to determine the proportion of noticing and the corresponding analytical scores (content, language use, and organization) was conducted. The results revealed that the noticing of meaning accounted for the highest proportion in the two tasks, followed by the noticing of organization and form. The noticing of form had a direct impact on writing outcomes, as the proportion of the noticing of form was negatively correlated with lexical complexity and positively correlated with accuracy. The focus on form during input processing was directly linked to the output results; therefore, in teaching practice, attention should be paid to the quality of learners’attention. This stimulates deep processing, thus facilitating effective language acquisition and internalization.

Keywords: the continuation task; input processing; noticing; writing outcomes; second language acquisition; foreign language teaching

中图分类号:

H319

顾琦一, 丁莹烨, 张萍. 读后续写任务中输入加工注意分配对产出结果的影响研究[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2024, 46(3): 57-71.

Gu Qiyi, Ding Yingye, Zhang Ping. The Effects of the Allocation of Noticing in Input Processing on Writing Outcomes in a Continuation Task[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2024, 46(3): 57-71.

图/表 5

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对比参数	A语篇	B语篇
总词数（个）	312	325
句子总数（个）	17	17
可读性	61.8	59.4
词汇复杂度	0.05	0.05
句法复杂度	1.737	1.529

对比参数	A语篇	B语篇
总词数（个）	312	325
句子总数（个）	17	17
可读性	61.8	59.4
词汇复杂度	0.05	0.05
句法复杂度	1.737	1.529

分类	指标	举例
意义	表意内容，包括作者的想法、论点等	这句话的意思是，随着电脑的普及，大家宁愿在家里打游戏上网，也不愿意出门交朋友
形式	语言形式，包括词汇选择、语法、拼写等	There is no doubt that...毫无疑问的是，这个句型真好，我一会也可以在续写里用
结构	篇章结构，包括逻辑顺序（衔接和连贯）、语义关联性、文体特征等	这一段是围绕电脑对人际交往的坏处来论证的这是一篇议论文，先总写电脑发展的趋势，然后分别论述了对人们的好处和坏处

分类	指标	举例
意义	表意内容，包括作者的想法、论点等	这句话的意思是，随着电脑的普及，大家宁愿在家里打游戏上网，也不愿意出门交朋友
形式	语言形式，包括词汇选择、语法、拼写等	There is no doubt that...毫无疑问的是，这个句型真好，我一会也可以在续写里用
结构	篇章结构，包括逻辑顺序（衔接和连贯）、语义关联性、文体特征等	这一段是围绕电脑对人际交往的坏处来论证的这是一篇议论文，先总写电脑发展的趋势，然后分别论述了对人们的好处和坏处

类别	具体指标	描述	评价方式
内容	本例观点质量	相关度、原创性和观点的深度	教师评分，满分100分
	观点立场	立场选择和观点陈述
	观点阐述	观点句和论点的阐述
	观点总结	主要内容的总结
语言使用	准确度	无错的T单位数与T单位总数的比率（EFT/T）^*（Skehan & Foster，1999）	本族语者判断
	复杂度	词汇复杂度：形符类符比（TTR）（Wolfe-Quintero et al.，1998）	Haiyang Ai软件分析^**
	复杂度	句法复杂度：从句（C）总数与T单位总数的比率（C/T）（Wolfe-Quintero et al.，1998）	Haiyang Ai软件分析^**
语篇结构	连贯	句子、段落间的连贯性	教师评分，满分100分
	论点组织	论点的逻辑组织结构
	衔接	句子/段落内部和之间的连接词、过渡词使用
	文本长度	字数和每段字数的合理性
综合评分（高考评分标准）	内容	内容的丰富性、与上文内容的相关性	教师评分，满分100分
	结构	有效地使用了语句间的连接词语，使作文结构紧凑
	语言	使用多样化的词语和句型，并且表达准确