北京第二外国语学院学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 22-.

• 语言学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

类型学视野下英汉从句比较研究——以古汉语“所”字结构为例

宋 曦   

  1. 浙江财经大学外国语学院 浙江杭州 310018;南开大学文学院 天津 300071
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-29 出版日期:2015-04-30 发布日期:2018-03-20
  • 作者简介:宋曦(1975— )女,湖南湘潭人,浙江财经大学外国语学院讲师,南开大学文学院2012级博士生,主要从事比较语言学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    本文为2010年浙江财经大学校级一般项目“语言类型学中的语言比较研究”(项目编号1Y049010029)的阶段性成果。

Typological Study of English and Chinese Clauses ——A Case Study of “Suo”(所)Construction in Classical Chinese

Song Xi   

  1. Foreign Languages School,Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics,Hangzhou 310018,China; School of Literature,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China
  • Received:2014-08-29 Online:2015-04-30 Published:2018-03-20

摘要: 从句的概念虽然很少出现在国内语法学著述中,却是现代语法理论必不可少的概念,许多语法规则与从句有关。由于汉语动词无定式与不定式之分,英语中差别明显的简单句、复杂句和从句在汉语中区分十分困难。本文对照英语从句,利用有形态变化的语言的显性特征,来发现没有形态变化的语言所隐藏的特点。根据英语从句的一些类型特点,从句法表现和语用表现、标句词等方面,对比分析英语从句和“所”字结构,旨在论证古汉语“所”字结构是从句结构,“所”是一个标句词,进而归结“所”字结构和英语从句的异同及其类型学特征。

关键词: “所”字结构; 从句; 类型学

Abstract:

While “clause” is seldom found in the grammar books in China, it is a necessary concept in modern grammar theories and is associated with many grammar rules. While it is easy to tell the differences among simple sentence,complex sentence and subordinate clause in English, it is not easy to distinguish them in Chinese for Chinese verbs lacks the distinction between finite and non-finite forms. By analyzing English clauses and the prominent features of the inflection, this paper expects to find the underlying features in Chinese which lacks the inflection. From the perspective of linguistic typology, it also compares English clauses and “Suo” construction in syntax, pragmatics and complimentizer, and then argues the possibility and adaptability of “Suo” constructions as clauses.It thus summarizes the differences and similarities between English clauses and “Suo” construction, and the typological features of “Suo” construction.
 
 

Keywords: “Suo”(所)construction; clauses; typology