汉语左边界句法成分的制图分析

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.373

北京第二外国语学院学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 42-62.DOI: 10.12002/j.bisu.373

• 语言学研究(制图理论专栏主持人:司富珍) • 上一篇下一篇

汉语左边界句法成分的制图分析

熊仲儒()

北京语言大学,北京 100083

收稿日期:2020-02-21 出版日期:2022-02-28 发布日期:2022-03-24
作者简介:熊仲儒,博士,北京语言大学教授,100083,研究方向：汉语语法与英汉语法对比研究。电子邮箱： zhongruxiong163@163.com
基金资助:
2020年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“基于汉语特征的多元语法理论探索（多卷本）”(20&ZD297);2021年度国家社会科学基金项目“汉英名词与动词互转的生成语法研究”(21BYY047);2019年度北京市社会科学基金项目“汉语左边界的制图分析”(19YYB014);北京语言大学2019年度重大基础研究专项项目“现代汉语语法典型案例库建设与汉语制图分析”(19ZDJ01)

A Cartographic Analysis of the Chinese Syntactic Constituents in the Left Periphery

Xiong Zhongru()

Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-02-21 Online:2022-02-28 Published:2022-03-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

话题、焦点与主语是句子左边界的句法成分,三者分别同话题范畴、焦点范畴和时制范畴进行协约操作。话题可以是各种与话题范畴协约的短语,包括句子的主语、宾语和附加语等。焦点可以是各种与焦点范畴协约的成分,由焦点重音、“是”和语序等标记,能产生量化现象。主语通常是词汇范畴的外部论元,也可以是非受格动词和被动句中动词的内部论元。话题不能是无定成分,但焦点和主语都可以是无定成分。在句法层级上,话题范畴高于焦点范畴,焦点范畴高于时制范畴。

关键词: 主语; 话题; 焦点; 无定; 制图分析; 左边界; 句法成分

Abstract:

Topic, focus, and subject are the syntactic constituents in a sentence’s left periphery. The three constituents agree with the functional categories of Top, Foc, and T, respectively. Topics can be various phrases that agree with Top, such as the subject, the object, or the adjunct. Focuses can be various constituents that agree with Foc. They can be marked by the focal stress, the focus marker “Shi” or the special word order, and can be quantified. Subjects may be the external argument of the lexical category or the internal argument of the un-accusative or passive verb. Topics cannot be indefinite, although focuses and subjects can. Top is above Foc, which is above T in the Chinese left periphery.

Keywords: subject; topic; focus; indefinite; cartographic analysis; left periphery; syntactic constituents

中图分类号:

H146.3

熊仲儒. 汉语左边界句法成分的制图分析[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2022, 44(1): 42-62.

Xiong Zhongru. A Cartographic Analysis of the Chinese Syntactic Constituents in the Left Periphery[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2022, 44(1): 42-62.

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汉语左边界句法成分的制图分析

A Cartographic Analysis of the Chinese Syntactic Constituents in the Left Periphery

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