知识翻译学——研究对象、学科交叉与理论建设

doi:10.12002/j.bisu.593

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

一个新的学术理论或新的学科必须有新的研究对象和理论体系。本文认为，知识翻译学和翻译学一样，还是在作知识的翻译研究。知识的加工和翻译从来都是分学科、领域和体裁进行的。如果要通过翻译使地方性知识变成世界性知识，就应根据知识所属的不同学科的特定交流方式和对象，选择合适的语言形式、修辞手段和话语方式来对原文知识进行加工，而不是阐释或反思。翻译的目的是使译入语读者对译文的理解感受和译出语读者对原文的理解感受相同，因此知识翻译学并没有新的研究对象，还是在作本体研究，与翻译学没有本质上的区别。本文认为，知识翻译学要想有所突破，需要从国际传播学、功能语言学和专门用途语言学中汲取学科知识加工或翻译的理论依据。

关键词: 知识翻译学; 翻译学; 功能语言学; 专门用途语言; 国际传播; 理论依据

Abstract:

Any new academic theory or new discipline must have a new research object and a new theoretical system. The paper argues that transknowletology performs the same function as translatology, both of which aim to study the translation of knowledge. The processing and translation of knowledge has always been carried out according to different disciplines, fields, and genres. The goal of transforming local knowledge into global knowledge through translation is to enable target-language readers to have the same understanding and perception of the translated text as source-language readers do of the original text. Therefore, it is necessary to process the original knowledge by selecting appropriate linguistic forms, rhetorical devices, and discourse modes based on the specific communication methods and audiences of the different disciplines to which the knowledge belongs, rather than interpreting or reflecting on the knowledge. This study suggests that for transknowletology to achieve breakthroughs, it must draw on perspectives from international communication studies, systemic functional linguistics, and language for specific purposes (LSP) theory to provide a theoretical basis for the processing or translation of disciplinary knowledge.

Keywords: transknowletology; translatology; functional linguistics; languages for specific purposes; international communications; theoretical basis

中图分类号:

H059

蔡基刚. 知识翻译学——研究对象、学科交叉与理论建设[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报, 2025, 47(4): 1-12.

Cai Jigang. Transknowletology: Research Objects, Interdisciplinarity, and Theoretical Construction[J]. Journal of Beijing International Studies University, 2025, 47(4): 1-12.

图/表 2

参考文献 26

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知识引用方式	生物	电子工程	物理	机械工程	市场营销	应用语言学	社会学	哲学
作者凸显型	9.8%	15.7%	16.9%	28.7%	29.7%	34.4%	35.4%	64.6%
信息凸显型	90.2%	84.3%	83.1%	71.3%	70.3%	65.6%	64.6%	35.4%

知识引用方式	生物	电子工程	物理	机械工程	市场营销	应用语言学	社会学	哲学
作者凸显型	9.8%	15.7%	16.9%	28.7%	29.7%	34.4%	35.4%	64.6%
信息凸显型	90.2%	84.3%	83.1%	71.3%	70.3%	65.6%	64.6%	35.4%

元话语	哲学	市场营销	应用语言学	社会学	生物	电子工程	机械工程	物理
委婉语	18.5%	20.0%	18.0%	13.3%	13.6%	8.2%	9.6%	9.6%
加强语	9.7%	7.1%	6.2%	4.6%	3.9%	3.2%	5.0%	6.0%

元话语	哲学	市场营销	应用语言学	社会学	生物	电子工程	机械工程	物理
委婉语	18.5%	20.0%	18.0%	13.3%	13.6%	8.2%	9.6%	9.6%
加强语	9.7%	7.1%	6.2%	4.6%	3.9%	3.2%	5.0%	6.0%